Category Archives: Sundry

Portland is the DIY capitol of the west coast, and possibly the United States. Homebrew enterprise and tactics for circumventing traditional media are a kind of local obsession here; self-publication of some kind is nearly a coming-of-age ritual for Portlandrian youth.

One of the more interesting ventures along these lines is Matthew Stadler’s project, the Publication Studio. Run out of a downtown storefront, the studio produces small runs of print-on-demand books, largely by writers who have escaped mainstream recognition. In this video, he talks about his vision for the future of publishing:

What is Publication? A talk by Matthew Stadler from Publication Studio on Vimeo.

Although he’s talking about the effects of new technologies like print-on-demand and e-books, one thing that strikes me about his comments is how much they feel like a throwback to older approaches to publishing.

The alleged promise of e-books and like is that they put publication within reach for everyone. Now you too can be a published author! And in a few cases, I expect that these technologies will result in otherwise neglected geniuses being saved from a lifetime of basement solitude. But if there’s malaise in the contemporary literary world, by and large it’s not the result of too few books being published. In fact, it’s the opposite: wandering through the aisles of my local bookstore, the bedeviling question is how to avoid being overwhelmed by the tsunami of dreck on all sides, how to sift through the zillion titles on offer and find the handful that will actually speak to me.

So the problem — at least for a reader — isn’t a poverty of titles, but rather of guidance. Although this is nominally the role of trusted reviewers, the sheer mass of newly-released books (not to mention self-published works) coupled with shrinking newspaper arts sections means the traditional critical establishment simply can’t keep up. And even if it could, a broad-based reviewing machine (like, say, the NYRB) doesn’t really speak to my particular tastes. The web may help to some degree, but again the insane volume of things to review must daunt even the most dauntless blogger.

Enter the editor. Back in the dark ages of publishing, the role of an editor was — among other things — to select books for their list which fit a particular aesthetic. Rather than spewing out new titles helter-skelter, editors worked to cultivate a particular kind of work and a particular kind of reader. (Max Perkins, anyone?) And it’s this kind of thoughtful, community-building publication that Stadler ultimately seems to be talking about:

Publication requires being a good host, being sensitive to context, to people, being willing to hear…. Publication requires consistency….

The quick changes, the premium on novelty, the need for a next debut novelist once the last one has moved, tiresomely, on to their second novel, is not a happy companion to publication.

With this approach to publishing, readers could become devotees not just of specific authors but of editors as well. The editor is a long-distance friend, whose taste and judgment the reader can rely upon. It’s a model that, I believe, is increasingly relevant in a world of overwhelming plurality, and one that a number of publishers have begun to revive: examples include small imprints like Amy Einhorn Books (shameless plug: Amy is my editor), Pamela Dorman Books, and others.

As Matthew Stadler notes:

Don’t fear the coming pluralism. The vastness and variety of books… is in fact a very rich ecology that makes for a healthy literary culture of production and innovation.

Yes, this is true — but that richness only becomes apparent if we as readers have trusted allies to help us find our way.

In 1989, Laurie Anderson released her third album, Strange Angels. Many people, including myself, continue to feel that much of her best work is on the album. Her songs here are brilliantly expressive and coherent; lyrically, many of them read like short stories.

When I was in high school, probably my favorite track was “The Dream Before”:

Laurie Anderson – The Dream Before from J. Christian Guerrero on Vimeo.

I remember being fourteen or fifteen, sitting in the living room of a beach house on a tropical island at night, my mom and younger sister asleep, listening to this song and being filled with youthful directionless yearning. Ultimately, it inspired me to write two short stories which were later published (but are now, thankfully, forgotten). One of the stories was also called “The Dream Before” and included a note to Laurie Anderson acknowledging the debt.

Of course, what I didn’t realize at the time — which only occurred to me years later at college — was that Anderson’s song is itself based on a famous passage written by Walter Benjamin in his essay Theses on the Philosophy of History.

Benjamin himself was writing in reaction to Paul Klee’s 1920 painting, “Angelus Novus”:

Of this painting, Benjamin wrote:

A Klee painting named Angelus Novus shows an angel looking as though he is about to move away from something he is fixedly contemplating. His eyes are staring, his mouth is open, his wings are spread. This is how one pictures the angel of history. His face is turned toward the past. Where we perceive a chain of events, he sees one single catastrophe which keeps piling wreckage upon wreckage and hurls it in front of his feet. The angel would like to stay, awaken the dead, and make whole what has been smashed. But a storm is blowing from Paradise; it has got caught in his wings with such violence that the angel can no longer close them. The storm irresistibly propels him into the future to which his back is turned, while the pile of debris before him grows skyward. This storm is what we call progress.

I’ve been running behind lately; I blame it on the Indian summer we’re having here in Portland, days of hazy, lovely sunshine that make it hard not to slack off a bit. So I’m belated in remembering the 70th (Jesus) anniversary of Walter Benjamin’s death.

Benjamin died on 27 September 1940 at the age of 48 in Portbou, Catalonia, Spain. He was attempting to escape from the Nazis to the United States, where Max Horkheimer had negotiated a visa for him.

He apparently committed suicide, via an overdose of morphine, in his room at the small hotel where he was staying.

From the Leeds Arcades Project:

On his fateful final journey over the Pyrennees Benjamin was carrying the famous suitcase, which allegedly contained a manuscript; “It looks to me as if his life was worth less to him than the manuscript.” – Lisa Fittko

That last night in the Fonda de Francia, Walter made 4 last phonecalls. He was charged 8.80 pesetas for these calls. Where these phonecalls were to, remains a mystery. Its likely they were to the American Embassy in Barcelona, but this is not verifiable.

In high school, William Gibson was among my favorite authors. So I suppose it’s not surprising that I’ve been fascinated, in a kind of deer-in-the-headlights-of-the-future way, by Stuxnet:

The Stuxnet worm is a “groundbreaking” piece of malware so devious in its use of unpatched vulnerabilities, so sophisticated in its multipronged approach, that the security researchers who tore it apart believe it may be the work of state-backed professionals. (CSM)

Although we’ve seen cyber-attacks designed to steal confidential information, or shut down computer services, this may be the first software weapon intended to sabotage a piece of physical manufacturing infrastructure.

The current smart money seems to be that the software was intended to target nuclear facilities inside Iran, and was developed by the United States, Israel, or the UK.

See more in:

• New York Times
• Computer world
• Christian Science Monitor
• CNET

This morning I watched a rather slick video from IDEO, a design consultancy, about the “future of the book” which illustrates beautifully the problem with (many) e-book technologies:

The Future of the Book. from IDEO on Vimeo.

My issue isn’t with e-books in general. The Kindle in its current incarnation, for example, is a fantastic device. Rather, what troubles me is when starry-eyed gadgeteers start adding bells and whistles to the reading experience which, in many cases, undermine our ability to connect with literature.

In the video above, we hear about “a reading experience that comprises multiple perspectives to let you see the bigger picture,” and enhancing books with “a series of informational layers that provide additional context to any material being read.” All of this sounds good in theory, and may be useful for certain types of research. But in many other cases, particularly that of reading fiction, this strikes me as both offensive and destructive.

When I read a novel, my engagement with the book is singular and immersive. Unlike the the internet, which is an encounter with an associative multiplicity of voices, books offer us the opportunity to connect profoundly with a particular voice: to spend a few hours inhabiting the thoughts and perspectives of another person. That encounter has a momentum and life of its own. Put down a book halfway-though and return to it weeks later, and the spell has been broken: it can only be recaptured with effort, if at all.

The software shown in this video seems like an attempt to make reading a book more like surfing the web. It allows the clamor of distraction to intrude on the connection between author and reader. Imagine reading, say, the Chronicles of Narnia with video footnotes and background digressions interspersed throughout the pages. Yes, the experience might be more informative but it would be far less magical or transporting. The idea that Moby Dick should be “jazzed up” by adding choose-your-own-adventure style hyperlinks is not just intellectually insulting: it feels like a fundamental misunderstanding of how and why books have value.